This is reasonable to do since it is assumed that the flow field is independent of the species concentration. A linear mapping built using a General Extrusion operator. I would try to clarify further if necessary. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. When using Linear Extrusion operators, we visually indicate the mappings for enough points (bases) and COMSOL Multiphysics figures out how to transform the remaining points. unfortunately, I get the following error. listed if standards is not an option). Although it is not strictly necessary to do so, the mesh is copied from the one domain used to solve for the fluid flow to all of the other domains. Here, we will demonstrate how to accomplish this using the General Extrusion component couplings in COMSOL Multiphysics. Is it possible to do this within GUI, or do i have to do it via MATLAB? listed if standards is not an option). Extruding Data Along a Direction It is also possible to define the mapping in terms of coordinate systems. We were the first North American aluminum extruder to achieve ISO 9002 Certification. Computing and Visualizing Satellite Orbits in COMSOL, Introduction to the Elastic Waves, Time Explicit Interface. Several cases are illustrated in the table below. For example, if the intermediate mesh is in 2D space, there is no z-expression field. Extrusion operators are used to construct pointwise relations between source and destination points. Please feel free to contact us if you have any questions! Select the faces that you want to extrude in the Graphics window. Variable: comp1.Disp. The parabola is the source. Enter in the equation shown which is the ramp function of the wall deflection, with an added term limiting the expression to occur only when the depth is below the strut. Using a General Extrusion operator to refer to the electric potential at a point on the other side of the junction. In fact, a shortcut can be made by using the expression genext2(V)-genext1(V) for the voltage difference, regardless of which side it is being applied. A little calculus gives us the arc length of the parabola between the origin and the source point (x,y). Extrusion operators can be used to make couplings between points in the same component or different components. Settings for the General Extrusion operator defined on the stator boundary. Now that the velocity field is defined throughout the modeling domain, the species concentration at the inlet is defined via the Inflow boundary condition. If the nonlocal couplings you want to simulate are not included in the built-in features of COMSOL Multiphysics, you can use the strategies youve learned today to implement them. The two circles in the geometry have centers at the origin and radii of 1.0 and 1.5. The Periodic Flow condition is used to set the velocity so it is identical at the inlet and outlet boundaries, allowing us to specify a pressure drop over a single unit cell. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. They appear in the Input faces list. It also provides design assistance and engineering support. Note that V refers to the electric potential at a point on the top side while genext2(V) refers to the electric potential vertically on the bottom side. Temperature evaluated at a point on the geometry corresponding to the focal point of the moving laser. The settings of the General Extrusion coupling operator are shown below: Now suppose we would like to evaluate the temperature at one point of the rotating wafer. The plot below shows the temperature evaluated at the focal point of the moving laser: Image by IX-factory STK Own work, via Wikimedia Commons. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. But finally COMSOL basics is a PDE solver tool for a given subset of useful functions, of the type used for common physics (that fits in the global or coefficient form. The time varying coordinates of the point at which we want to evaluate the temperature can be entered as the coordinates of the destination map. Also, are there other approaches to do this? Within the original domain, a displacement of zero is used. Similarly, on side 2, we need access to the electric potential V_1 on the other side of the junction. We can tag the different sides as 1 and 2, as illustrated in the figure below. For such a unit cell model, the walls of the channels are set to the Wall, No Slip condition. Rename the third strut to finish off the physics set up. Mapping of data between different components in the model to perform submodeling, Mapping between components to extract results on different geometries. This approach, as explained earlier, is limited to cases in which the source and destination are related by affine transformations. Thanks in advance. The reason is that x^i and y^i are indices for the first and second pairs of expressions used to define the source-destination relationship implicitly. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. The model in question is called Laser Heating of a Silicon Wafer, and can be found in the Model Gallery. Therefore, we have, Now we need to find the constants a,b,c,d,e, and f. Since source points (0, 0); (1.0, 0); and (0, 1.0) correspond respectively to destination points at (0, 0); (1.5, 0); and (0, 1.5), we get. COMSOL Multiphysics will take care of T_s^{-1}(T_d(x_d,y_d)), a necessary step in identifying the source coordinates. Shu Heng Khor . comsol.com Forming an assembly creates an identity pair between the wall soil and wall diaphragm boundaries. Right click the Boundary Load 3 node to rename it Strut_1. Ivar. To do so, you can use General Extrusion operators to map the fields from the stator to the slider. To explore the use of General Extrusion operators in other types of situations, consult the following blog posts: By providing your email address, you consent to receive emails from COMSOL AB and its affiliates about the COMSOL Blog, and agree that COMSOL may process your information according to its Privacy Policy. For the y-axis data, the expression is y, and for the x axis, the expression is u, with millimeters as units. In the COMSOL multiphysics user guide you can find a better explanation of how to use the general projection operator. Then the naming and differentiation between time and spatial variables is . You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version problem with general extrusion - comsol.de Thanks for replying. Settings used to map data from a boundary parallel to the xy-plane along the z direction. Linear Extrusion - COMSOL Multiphysics We can then consider examples in which the General Extrusion operator must be used. 3 Replies, Please login with a confirmed email address before reporting spam. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. Take a look at the figure below. I apologize of my explanation sounds vague or ambiguous. First a mapped mesh for the retaining wall domain. The materials have already been created and set up for this model. FIGURE 1. I have only one small question, if you dont mind, you could maybe write the expressions of the variable disp. The default plot shows the von Mises stress. To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. I suppose by point 2 you are referring to the second plot. Adding a General Extrusion coupling operator.The green vector field is the transport term used to model the wafer rotation. Hello Oluwaseyi, This sounds like a case of a variable name used twice, but you may want to reach out to the support team for help. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. The periodic velocity field, indicated by the arrows, is solved in one domain and mapped into the others. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. There are four sets of results showing the deformation of the soil and retaining wall, the plastic deformation, wall deflection, and the surface settlement. The first boundary load is added for the horizontal soil boundaries. Note that the source map needs to be one-to-one for the inverse to exist. The second boundary load is added for the vertical retaining wall boundaries. Instead, at every destination point, it first evaluates T_d(x_d,y_d) and carries out a mesh search operation to find the point on the source where this evaluation matches T_s(x_s,y_s). General Extrusions makes no exclusions with its extrusions. We can similarly evaluate the temperature at any other point. COMSOL on Twitter: "Using the General Extrusion coupling operator in \rho C_{p} \frac{\partial T}{\partial t} + \rho C_{p} \mathbf{u} \cdot \nabla T = \nabla \cdot (k \nabla T). A one-to-one source map makes the search return, at most, one source point for a given destination point. Here is an interesting question: How can we easily probe the solution at a point that is moving in time, but associated with a stationary geometry? A destination map and source map is specified here. First add a size node to make sure the mesh is finer. The working fluid is water with properties defined at room temperature and pressure. Modeling an Excavation in COMSOL. I didn't mean to do integration, what i meant is something like: Thanks for replying. Considering a variable defined on the xy-plane within a unit square centered at the origin, as shown above, it is possible to implement a variety of transforms simply via different destination maps, and leaving the source map unchanged. In addition to simply copying known quantities, these operators can be used to create nonlocal couplings between unknown variables, as illustrated in our p-n junction example. We begin by adding the General Extrusion coupling operator from the definitions toolbar as shown in the screenshot below: General Extrusion Variable. To model such a situation, we want to solve the Navier-Stokes equations for the flow. The information provided may be out of date. The velocity field is given by u and v, the fluid velocity in the x and y-directions, respectively. The species concentration (shown in color) is solved in all three repeating domains. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. L(x,y) = \int_{o}^{x}\sqrt{1+(y\prime)^2}d\tau = \frac{x}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x}{d})^2}). It will always be requested to be evaluated at the destination coordinates entered in the settings of the General Extrusion coupling operator. Mapping of data defined on a cross section (left) around an axis of symmetry and into a volume (right). This button displays the currently selected search type. The effect of the rotation of the wafer is modeled through a transport term in the governing heat transfer equation: The transport term in this equation, \bf{u}, is used to account for the rotation of the wafer, so it is not necessary to explicitly rotate the geometry. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. As you can see, they are in the same location but are different boundaries. Once the model has finished computing we can add some post processing to better view the results. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. En fournissant votre adresse email, vous acceptez de recevoir des emails de COMSOL AB et de ses filiales propos du Blog COMSOL, et acceptez que COMSOL traite vos informations conformment sa Politique de confidentialit. Is it possible to "paste" two functions in COMSOL? The player button feature allows you to see all the excavation depth results in one animation. Add a soil plasticity node and you can see that the yield criterion is DruckerPrager, but we still want to match it to the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The schematic below illustrates that there are two fluid inlets, both of which carry the same solvent (water) but a different solute. Schematic of a microfluidic mixer that depicts the repeated unit cell and the inlet and outlet zones. The final project, on the other hand, tasked us with designing a retaining wall to match certain specifications a tough and lengthy assignment. The General Extrusion operator is used to define the velocity field in all three periodic domains. Posted 15 feb 2011, 11:18 GMT-5 Version 4.1 3 Replies . Modeling Linear Motors or Generators in COMSOL Multiphysics Note that for axisymmetric components, variables can be viewed in 3D with a Revolution 2D data set in the Results node. Using General Extrusion Operators to Model Periodic Structures - COMSOL The number of destination map expressions is the same as the space dimension of the intermediate mesh. In the Work plane list, select the work plane to extrude from. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. Name: genext1 Enter the expression for the general extrusion operator from earlier. Only the data in the z-expression is mapped. Create a second plot group and surface plot, then enter in the expression solid.epe>0 to view the plastic deformation in the different soil layers. General Extrusions is owned and run by the Schuler family. I would appreciate any help. To implement the normal current boundary condition on side 1, we need access to the electric potential V_2 on side 2. When building the mapping, it is important to ask the following question: Given the coordinates of the destination point, how do we go to the source point? General Extrusions, Inc. | Aluminum Extrusion for Ohio Thank you. The boundary load applies a force on the excavation side of the retaining wall, equal to (and therefore negating) the in-situ stresses, for any part of the wall that is below the virtual excavation depth. Thank you Walter for a wonderful discussion. One option involves a sweep of the geometry, removing the geometry (excavation) one step at a time. When this check box is left unchecked, COMSOL Multiphysics assumes that we have explicit expressions for each coordinate of the source as functions of coordinates of the destination. We are then looking at the problem of evaluating the temperature at a point that follows the rotating wafer material. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. Previously on the blog, we introduced you to Linear Extrusion operators and demonstrated their use in mapping variables between a source and a destination. Lets consider a laser heating example where you have a moving heat source, the laser, and a moving geometry. The destination map here consists of the transient coordinates where we would like to evaluate temperature. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. Then the naming and differentiation between time and spatial variables is basically a convention issue, the math behind does not really change The operator genext1 is not known inside the 3D component comp2; neither is T. If we want to use the temperature from the 2D axisymmetric component as an input in the 3D component, we have to use comp1.genext1(comp1.T). The focus of this blog post is on the transformation T : x_d \rightarrow x_s.. COMSOL Multiphysics offers two coupling operators to specify this mapping: Linear Extrusion operators and General Extrusion operators. Note: This discussion is about an older version of the COMSOLMultiphysics software. Please can you explain what I am doing wrong? we first need to invert the expression L=\frac{x_s}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x_s}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}) and write x_s in terms of L. Thats no fun at all! Now that we have the solution on one unit cell, we can use the General Extrusion component coupling to map the solution from this one unit cell onto the repeated domains. One application of a General Extrusioncoupling is to mirror the solution on the x-axis. In this example, since the x, y, and z-coordinates of the destination map are explicitly specified without any association with the coordinates of a geometric entity, it doesnt matter where we evaluate the General Extrusion coupling operator. General Extrusions makes simple and intricate aluminum shapes through both long and short production runs. It is also possible to define the mapping in terms of coordinate systems. In these first two examples, the Use source map check box in the Source section of the settings window has been left unchecked. Extrusion operators help us construct normal current density boundary conditions on each side of the ideal p-n junction. Welcome to General Extrusions Inc. General Extrusion coupling operator settings. Take a look at the figure below. Extrusion operators are used to identify which point in the source entity corresponds to a point in the destination entity. Simulation Organogenesis in COMSOL: Deforming and Interacting Domains The approach we have applied here is appropriate for any instance in which a spatially repeating solution needs to be utilized by other physics. They are not necessarily pertaining to the x or y coordinates in the source or destination. If its a simple analysis may be u dont even want the two components. Disp is defined as one of three different scalars (0,1.5,3 mm) as per the fourth figure. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version How to Extrude, Revolve, and Sweep 2D Geometries in COMSOL - YouTube A typical microfluidic device. Thus, the latter quantity from a source point P_s needs to be copied to the destination entity. indeed I do not believe I really understand what you intend to do. I have a 1D model (time dependent) and a 2D model (stationary). Then we add three distributions, one corresponding to each of the mapped mesh distributions. I need to obtain a whole bunch of data in the variables section, ef., Mass fraction, Density and others. This is exactly why COMSOL Multiphysics allows us to specify implicit relations between source and destination coordinates by using two mappings: the destination map and the source map. I tried to use your method but I failed. The companys manufacturing operations, which include a Youngstown, Ohio plant, comprise 220,000 square feet. How to couple two components comp1 and comp2 with the - ResearchGate The settings for this feature are illustrated below. Part 2: Mapping Variables with General Extrusion Operators - COMSOL Check out our Deep Excavation Model for more information. I am trying to implement the Periodic Boundary condition in a 3D model by following your post but I have some questions. Clear the selection and add the middle strut, then change the expression from stage 1 to stage 2 to activate it only when the depth moves below the second strut. The model is solved in two steps first, the Laminar Flow physics interface is solved, and then the Transport of Diluted Species interface is solved. Considering a variable defined on the xy-plane within a unit square centered at the origin, as shown above, it is possible to implement a variety of transforms simply via different destination maps, and leaving the source map unchanged. FIGURE 1. In this blog post, we will take a look at how to use the General Extrusion coupling operator to probe a solution at a point in your geometry, and illustrate how to implement a dynamic probe using an example model. This time in the x direction and using the second general extrusion operator in the u0 field. All you need are the time-dependent coordinates of the point where you would like to evaluate the temperature. This works and solution time is reduced to 118s so much more in line with the case without gaps! CNC Machining for Aluminum Extrusions. general extrusion from 2D geometry to 2D geomtry - comsol.fr Ivar. This approach helps avoid confusion if there is an extrusion or another operator also called genext1 or another variable called T in the second component. General Extrusions, Inc. continues its tradition as a leading manufacturer of aluminum extrusions where quality always comes first. Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this data along the z direction. point 2 there simply involves time varying coordinates of the focal point of the laser beam in the example model : http://www.comsol.com/model/laser-heating-of-a-silicon-wafer-13835. Now that the velocity field is defined throughout the modeling domain, the species concentration at the inlet is defined via the Inflow boundary condition. However, if we neglect the structure near the inlet and the outlet, we can reasonably assume that the flow within the channel bends will be identical between the unit cells. To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. In the case of General Extrusion operators, we write out the mathematical description of the mapping for an arbitrary point in the destination. Why are all the domains selected? Hi Submit feedback about this page or contact support here. Example 1 In our earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, we considered an affine mapping that pairs up points 1, 4, and 2 in the source domain to points 1, 5, and 3 in the destination domain. The temperature will vary linearly with x. So lets revisit the Advanced settings and switch back Mesh search method to Use Tolerance the defaults is 0.3 which we have seen to fail in this case we have to search across a 0.1m gap, and we have meshed with 0.2m mesh-elements, thus we need, tol=search_distance/element_size=0.1[m]/0.2[m]=0.5. at an interface. Add a distribution for the wall diaphragm and enter 60 for the number of elements. Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. How much easier it could have been had we only known about geomechanics simulation software. To add a General Extrusion operator, we go to Definitions > Component Couplings > General Extrusion. To start a new discussion with a link back to this one, click here. As the excavation deepens, three struts are activated using a ramp function, and boolean expressions. To add a General Extrusion operator, we go to Definitions > Component Couplings > General Extrusion. In such cases, we can use projection, integration, average, maximum, or minimum component couplings. For questions related to your modeling, please contact our Support team. Standard and precision custom aluminum extrusions in 3000 and 6000 series alloys; Complete aluminum extrusion components including your finish requirements. This consent may be withdrawn. This site is under development. Data transfer between components is performed using the COMSOL built-in "General Extrusion" coupling operator, and the iterative study steps are controlled using "For" and "End For" nodes in COMSOL. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. The general extrusion operation applies a rotational transform. However, if we want to use variables from a 2D axisymmetric component in the physics node of a 3D component (i.e., thermal expansion), we need to utilize General Extrusion operators. From such source-destination pairs, one can infer the general mapping from superposition. I am trying to use the same for droplet evaporation. Alternatively, from the Extrude from list, select Work plane to extrude objects from a work plane. Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this data along the z direction.
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